NPМ оn the Rights of Persons With Mental Disabilities: The
New Act is a Step Forward, Its Implementation a Challenge
Involvement of all relevant instances in proceedings
concerning the rights of persons with mental disabilities (PMDs), esp. that of
the systemic human rights protection mechanisms, is of utmost significance in
protection of their rights, particularly of people facing institutionalization
or already using services of a specialized healthcare or welfare facility. In their
address at the opening of the round table entitled 'The Role of the National
Torture Prevention Mechanism (NPM) in Combating Torture, Inhuman or Cruel
Handling of PMDs' the Deputy Serbian Ombudsman Milos Jankovic and Deputy
Provincial Citizens' Protector - Ombudsman Stevan Arambasic agreed that, over
the course of the last four years, the relationship of the institutions and
facilities providing services to PMDs and the NPM developed from initial
antagonism into collaboration focusing on a common goal.
Today's event in Novi Sad brought together representatives
of specialized psychiatric hospitals, psychiatry departments of general
hospitals, ambulance services, two national Ministries (that of healthcare and
the police), as well as the NPM member institutions and organizations
monitoring the operation of healthcare and welfare facilities providing
services and care to PMDs.
According to Natasa Novakovic from the Human Rights and Rule
of Law Department with the OSCE Mission to Serbia, meetings like this are
significant because even depriving PMDs of their civil capacity in
extra-judicial proceedings can end so that a person practically loses
everything.
'If such a person has additionally been deprived of his or
her freedom, it is as if he or she has vanished from the face of the Earth,'
concluded Novakovic.
The round table was a chance to discuss some of the
provisions of the PMD Protection Act relevant for the NPM operation presented
by the Deputy Serbian Ombudsman Milos Jankovic. The Deputy Provincial Citizens'
Protector - Ombudsman Stevan Arambasic talked about the detainment and
placement of PMDs into a psychiatric facility without their consent, their
physical restraining and isolation, while the role of NPM in the process of
deinstitutionalization of psychiatric facilities from the prevention aspect of
this mechanism was presented by Vladimir Jovic, MD from the International Aid
Network (IAN).
The event participants also shared their experience
concerning implementation of certain provisions of the regulations in force in
order to provide suggestions for improvement of harmonization and coordination
of procedures concerning PMDs. Most remarks during the discussion concerned the
issue of practical implementation of these provisions in the light of the best
interest of both PMDs, esp. as related to the security of individuals being
deprived of freedom, and the employees in the institutions actually carrying
out such procedures physically. Cooperation of the institutions into which PMDs
are (to be) placed and the police is of special importance, but still more
efficient systemic solutions and education of employees in all institutions
involved are absolutely necessary. This would provide a major impetus for
provision of efficient and purposeful crisis intervention and action of these
institutions, as well as a long-term prevention, so the security related risks
concerning all individuals involved in this process, along with the possible
human rights violation of people being deprived of their freedom, would be
minimalized. It was also estimated that deinstitutionalization of such
institutions would not take root unless systemic preconditions had been
provided for, along with devising specific, effective solutions both for
beneficiaries of and employees in the system of providing services to PMDs.
The host of today's round table was the Provincial Protector
of Citizens - Ombudsman institution in collaboration with the Protector of
Citizens of the Republic of Serbia and the OSCE Mission in Serbia.
NPM o postupanju sa
licima sa mentalnim smetnjama: Novi zakon je pomak, praksa još uvek izazov
Za zaštitu prava osoba sa mentalnim smetnjama, naročito
onima koje su smeštene u ustanove zatvorenog tipa, najvažnija je uključenost
svih relevantnih instanci, naročito sistemskih mehanizama za zaštitu ljudskih
prava, u postupke ostvarivanja njihovih prava. U svojim uvodnim izlaganjima
prilikom otvaranja okruglog stola „Uloga Nacionalnog mehanizma za prevenciju
torture u sprečavanju torture, nehumanog i nečovečnog postupanja prema licima
sa mentalnim smetnjama” zamenik zaštitnika građana Republike Srbije Miloš
Janković i zamenik pokrajinskog zaštitnika građana - ombudsmana Stevan
Arambašić složili su se da se tokom protekle četiri godine odnos institucija i
ustanova koje se bave osobama sa mentalnim smetnjama i Nacionalnog preventivnog
mehanizma (NPM-a) razvio od početnog antagonizma do saradnje budući da imaju
zajednički cilj.
Današnji skup u Novom Sadu okupio je predstavnike i
predstavnice specijalnih psihijatrijskih bolnica, odeljenja psihijatrije u
opštim bolnicama, službi hitne pomoći, ministarstava zdravlja i unutrašnjih
poslova, kao i institucija i organizacija NPM-a koji vrše nadzor u ustanovama
za zbrinjavanje i smeštaj osobama sa mentalnim smetnjama. Po rečima Nataše
Novaković, rukovoditeljice programa za ljudska prava i krivičnopravni sistem
Misije OEBS u Srbiji, ovakvi skupovi značajni su i zbog toga što lišavanje
poslovne sposobnosti osoba sa mentalnim smetnjama u vanparničnom postupku može
praktično dovesti i do toga da ta osoba izgubi sve. „Ukoliko je ta osoba uz to
još i lišena slobode, to je kao da je izbrisana sa lica zemlje,“ zaključila je
Novaković.
Ovaj okrugli sto bio je prilika da se razmotre pojedine
odredbe Zakona o zaštiti lica sa mentalnim smetnjama značajne za rad NPM-a, a
na koje se kao uvod u diskusiju osvrnuo zamenik zaštitnika građana Republike
Srbije Miloš Janković. Zamenik pokrajinskog zaštitnika građana - ombudsmana
Stevan Arambašić govorio je o zadržavanju i smeštaju lica sa mentalnim
smetnjama u psihijatrijsku ustanovu bez njihovog pristanka, njihovom fizičkom
sputavanju i izolaciji, dok je o ulozi NPM-a u procesu deinstitucionalizacije
psihijatrijskih ustanova sa aspekta preventivnog delovanja ovog mehanizma
govorio dr Vladimir Jović iz organizacije „Međunarodna mreža pomoći” (IAN).
Učesnice i učesnici skupa razmenili su i svoja iskustva u
vezi sa primenom pojedinih odredbi postojećih propisa kako bi svojim
sugestijama doprineli usaglašavanju procedura u postupanju prema licima sa
mentalnim smetnjama. Preovlađujuća zapažanja tokom diskusije odnosila su se na
pitanja praktične primene odredbi važećih propisa u najboljem interesu ovih
osoba, naročito u kontekstu bezbednosti onih osoba koje bivaju lišene slobode,
kao i zaposlenih u ustanovama koji ovaj postupak fizički sprovode. Naročito značajnom
ocenjena je saradnja ustanova za smeštaj osoba sa mentalnim smetnjama i
policije, ali su neophodna i efikasnija sistemska rešenja i edukacija osoba
zaposlenih u svim institucijama koje postupaju u ovakvim slučajevima. Time bi
se učinio značajan korak ka obezbeđivanju efikasnog i svrsishodnog delovanja
institucija u kriznim situacijama, ali i dugoročnom preventivnom delovanju kako
bi se rizik po bezbednost svih učesnika ovakvog postupka, ali i eventualno
kršenje prava osoba koje se lišavaju slobode, sveo na najmanju moguću meru.
Ocenjeno je i da deinstitucionalizacija ovih ustanova neće zaživeti dok god se
ne obezbede sistemska uslovi i osmisle konkretna rešenja kako za sve njihove
korisnike i korisnice, tako i za zaposlene u sistemu pružanja usluga osobama sa
mentalnim smetnjama.
Organizator današnjeg okruglog stola bila je institucija
Pokrajinskog zaštitnika građana - ombudsmana u saradnji sa Zaštitnikom građana
Republike Srbije i Misijom OEBS u Srbiji.
Nema komentara:
Objavi komentar