Objavljeno : 10.11.2016.
Uloga države u ekonomiji Srbije i nivo državne pomoći i
dalje su veliki, ocenila je Evropska komisija u delu o ekonomiji u novom
godišnjem izveštaju o napretku Srbije na putu ka EU. Za Srbiju je prioritet da
se pozabavi nepoštovanjem Sporazuma o stabilizaciji i pridruživanju (SSP),
posebno pitanjima zaštitnih mera za neke poljoprivredne proizvode, kontrole
državne pomoći i fiskalne diskriminacije, ističe se u izveštaju.
Kako se navodi, udeo proizvoda sa regulisanim cenama u
potrošačkoj korpi ostao je oko 19%.
Kao pozitivno se navodi to što država nije davala nove
garancije za podršku likvidnosti preduzećima sa preostalim društvenim
vlasništvom ili garancije kompanijama iz portfelja agencije za privatizaciju.
Vlada se, kako se ističe, obavezala da neće davati
garancije ni ubuduće.
Međutim, u kontekstu restrukturisanja preduzeća sa
preostalim društvenim vlasništvom, vlada je nastavila da preuzima dugove nekih
od njih koja su ranije već koristila garancije.
Komisija je ocenila i da je administrativni kapacitet za
upravljanje subvencijama na lokalnom i centralnom nivou u Srbiji i dalje slab.
Navodi se da je u mnogim slučajevima državna pomoć davana
neprofitabilnim državnim kompanijama ili na netransparentan način. Posebno
investiciona pomoć nije davana po predvidljivim kriterijumima u skladu sa
pravilima o državnoj pomoći EU i SSP.
Državna podrška, ističe se u izveštaju, treba da bude
preusmerena na horizontalne ciljeve, poput podrške malim i srednjim preduzećima
i istraživanjima i razvoju.
Privatizacija i
restrukturisanje
Istovremeno stečaj i privatizacija ostaju izazovi za
Srbiju, ocenjuje se u delu izveštaja o ekonomskim kriterijumima za pristupanje
EU.
Kako se navodi, posle izmena zakona o privatizaciji,
agencija za privatizaciju prestala je da postoji u februaru 2016, njene
aktivnosti prenete su drugim institucijama i do septembra je status većine
preduzeća iz portfelja agencije rešen prodajom ili stečajem.
Zaštita preduzeća od strateškog značaja od prisilne
naplate duga i bankrota je ukinuta početkom juna i, uz nekoliko izuzetaka,
poput prodaje imovine smederevske železare, rešavanje problema tih preduzeća
ostaje izazov.
Evropska komisija ocenila je u izveštaju za 2016. da je
restrukturisanje velikih javnih preduzeća napredovalo pri čemu, s obzirom na
njihov značajan ekonomski i fiskalni uticaj, prioritet ostaje unapređenje
operativnih i finansijskih performansi.
Kada je reč o Srbijagasu, navodi se da je vlada u
februaru usvojila plan finansijske konsolidacije tog preduzeća i da su, iako su
vodeći klijenti u poslednje vreme disciplinovaniji kada je reč o plaćanju,
kašnjenja sa plaćanjem od ranije velika a put do finansijskog restrukturisanja
još dug.
U 2015. su učinjeni i prvi koraci u reorganizaciji
Elektroprivrede Srbije, navodi se u izveštaju i dodaje da su potrebne dalje
mere predviđene planom finansijskog restrukturisanja za smanjenje troškova,
uključujući smanjenje broja zaposlenih i povećanje prihoda.
Komisija navodi i da je u oktobru 2015. vlada usvojila
sveobuhvatan plan restrukturisanja železnice do 2020. i napravljeni su veliki
koraci u pravcu sprovođenja tog plana.
Preporuke
Komisija je ocenila da je Srbija umereno spremna u domenu
razvoja funkcionalne tržišne ekonomije. Učinjen je napredak na uklanjanju nekih
slabosti, posebno oko budžetskog deficita, perspektive rasta su unapređene a
domaći i eksterni debalansi smanjeni.
Takođe je očuvana stabilnost cena a restruktirisanje
državnih preduzeća napreduje.
Međutim, vladin dug i dalje je veliki, kreditna aktivnost
se oporavlja ali visok nivo nenaplativih zajmova ostaje problem, nezaposlenost
je visoka, posebno među mladima, a privatan sektor je nerazvijen i koče ga
slabosti iz domena vladavine prava.
Komisija u skladu sa preporukama iz Plana ekonomskih
reformi (ERP) i sa ciljem da se podrži dugoročan rast savetuje Srbiji da
narednih godina posebnu pažnju usmeri na dalje smanjenje budžetskog deficita i
javnog duga, nastavak restrukturisanja i privatizacije i rešavanje problema
nenaplativih zajmova, kao i na unapređenje naplate prihoda kroz program
transformacije poreske službe i borbu protiv sive ekonomije.
Ulazak u EU, prema Kopenhaškim kriterijumima, zahteva
tržišnu ekonomiju koja funkcioniše i ima kapacitet da se nosi sa pritiscima
konkurencije i snagama na tržištu Unije.
Izvor:
EurActiv.rs
Foto: Beta
logo Association
Posted:
10.11.2016.
The role of the state in the economy of Serbia and the
level of state aid are still high, estimated the European Commission to work on
the economy in the new annual report on Serbia's progress towards the EU.
Serbia is a priority to address the non-compliance of the
Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA), in particular the issues of
protective measures for some agricultural products, state aid control and
fiscal discrimination, the report noted.
According to the announcement, the share of products with
regulated prices in the consumer basket has remained around 19%. As stated
positively that the state did not provide a new guarantee liquidity support to
enterprises with the remaining social ownership or guarantees to companies from
the portfolio of the privatization agency.
The government, as pointed out, that she would not give
guarantees in the future. However, in the context of the restructuring of
the company with the remaining social ownership, the government continued to
assume the debts of some of those who have previously used the warranty. The
Commission has estimated that the administrative capacity to manage subsidies
to the central and local level in Serbia is still weak.
It is alleged that in many cases the state aid given to
unprofitable state companies or non-transparent manner. Special investment aid
is not administered at predictable criteria in accordance with the rules on
state aid and the EU SSP.
State support, according to the report, should be
redirected to horizontal objectives, such as support for small and medium-sized
enterprises and research and development.
Privatisation and
restructuring
At the same time the bankruptcy and privatization remain
challenges for Serbia, said in his work report on the economic criteria for EU
accession.
As stated, after the amendments to the law on
privatization, Privatization Agency has ceased to exist in February 2016, its
activities were transferred to other institutions and by September the status
of most companies in the portfolio agencies solved the sale or bankruptcy.
Protection of enterprises of strategic importance for the
enforced debt collection and bankruptcy was terminated in early June and, with
few exceptions, such as the sale of assets of the Smederevo steelworks,
troubleshooting these enterprises remains a challenge.
The European Commission assessed the report for 2016 that
the restructuring of large public enterprises with advanced, given their
significant economic and fiscal impact, the priority remains improving
operational and financial performance.
When it comes to Srbijagas, said that the government in
February adopted a plan of financial consolidation of that company and that,
although the leading clients lately disciplined when it comes to payment delays
in the payment of a previously great way to financial restructuring still long
.
In 2015 they made the first steps in the reorganization
of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia, the report said, adding that further
measures provided for financial restructuring plan to cut costs, including staff
reductions and increased revenue.
The Commission also notes that in October 2015 the government adopted a comprehensive plan for restructuring the railways by 2020 and are made huge steps towards the implementation of this plan.
Recommendations
The Commission has assessed that Serbia is ready to
moderate in the field of the development of a functioning market economy.
Progress has been made on the elimination of some
weaknesses, especially around budget deficit, growth prospects are improved and
domestic and external imbalances have decreased.
He also maintained price stability and restruktirisanje
state-owned enterprises is progressing. However, the government debt remained
high, lending activity is recovering but the high level of non-performing loans
remains a problem, unemployment is high, especially among young people, and the
private sector is underdeveloped and cottages by the weaknesses in the field of
rule of law.
Commission in accordance with the recommendations of the
Economic Reform Plan (ERP), and in order to support long-term growth advised
Serbia to next years special attention continues to focus on reducing the
budget deficit and public debt, the continued restructuring and privatization,
and troubleshooting of non-performing loans, as well as improving revenue
collection through the transformation of the tax administration and the fight
against gray economy.
Joining the EU, according to the Copenhagen criteria,
requires a functioning market economy and has the capacity to cope with competitive
pressure and market forces within the Union.
Source:
EurActiv.rs
Photo: Beta
Translated by
Nebojša
Vladisavljević
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