Bugarska dobila novog predsednika i političku krizu - Bulgaria has received new president and political crisis

Objavljeno : 14.11.2016.                             

Bugarski premijer Bojko Borisov saopštio je 14. novembra da se povlači nakon pobede Rumena Radeva, kandidata koga su podržavali socijalisti na predsedničkim izborima. Odlazak Borisova verovatno znači i prevremene izbore i nakon toga mesece teških pregovora o koalicijama. Po ustavu, predsednik mora da poveri mandat Borisovu, jer je lider stranke pobednice na poslednjim izborima, da pokuša da formira drugu vladu a ako on odbije, što je najavio, mandat će ići sledećoj po snazi stranci, odnosno socijalistima, čija je liderka takođe već rekla da će vratiti mandat. Radeva, koji nije socijalista, u zapadnim medijima vide kao pro-ruski orijentisanog a on insistira da ne planira da menja geopolitičku orijentaciju Bugarske.

Radev je na izborima 13. novembra osvojio 59,4% glasova dok je kandidatkinja premijera Borisova i njegove konzervativne Gerb partije Cecka Cačeva dobila 36,17%, zvainično je saopšteno 14. novembra na osnovu prebrojanih 99,3% glasova.

Petogodišnji mandat novog predsednika počeće 22. januara 2017. a potpredsednica Bugarske biće Ilijana Jotova, sada evroposlanica iz grupe socijalista i demokrata (S&D).

Radev je 7. novembra u prvom krugu predsedničkih izbora dobio najviše glasova od ukupno 21 kandidata i bio je u "dobroj" prednosti u odnosu na Cačevu koja je predsednica parlamenta.

Očekivalo se da Cačeva postane prva predsednica Bugarske. Međutim, izlazne ankete su pokazala da su mnogi glasači iz drugih političkih snaga, uključujući Gerb Bojka Borisova, podržali Radeva u drugom krugu.

Radev (53) je ušao u bugarsku politiku na talasu nezadovoljstva gotovo desetogodišnjom vladavinom Bojka Borisova tokom koje se korupcija duboko usadila u društvo, kao i zbog bojazni birača oko izbgeličke krize i dešavanja u susednoj Turskoj.

Bivši pilot i komandant vazduhoplovnih snaga isticao je da Bugarska mora da bude pragmatična u balansiranju članstva u EU i NATO i traženja načina da iskoristi veze sa Moskvom.

Borisov je obećao da će se odmah povući i ispunio je obećanje. On je 14. novembra u parlamentu predao svoju ostavku čime je otvorio put za prevremene izbore.

"Gubitak Gerba je definitivan i jasan", kazao je Borisov novinarima po objavljivanju rezultata.

"Ljudi su nam ovim izborima pokazali da nešto nije kako treba. Da su naši prioriteti možda dobri ali da postoje bolji. Zato je to (da ode sa funkcije) najdemokratskija stvar i prava stvar", dodao je Borisov.

Odlazak Borisova verovatno znači prevremene izbore možda već u martu koje mogu da prate meseci teških pregovora o koalicijama.

Prema bugarskom ustavu, predsednik mora da poveri mandat Borisovu, jer je lider stranke koja je pobedila na poslednjim parlamentarnim izborima, da pokuša da formira drugu vladu.

Međutim, Borisov je izričito rekao da će vratiti mandat. Tada predsednik daje mandat drugoj po snazi političkoj partiji, odnosno socijalistima. Liderka socijalista Kornelija Ninova takođe je rekla da će vratiti mandat.

Zato se veruje da će Bugarska ići na preveremene opšte izbore i očekuje se da odlazeći predsednik Rosen Plevnelijev, koji je bio kandidat Gerba, imenuje prelaznu vladu i objavi datum izbora, preneo je EurActiv.com.

Međutim, neuobičajeno je da odlazeći premijer imenuje prelaznu vladu koja bi ostala i u mandatu novog predsednika. U teoriji bi Bugarska mogla da dobije i drugu prelaznu vladu, koju bi imenovao Radev nakon što u januaru preuzme dužnost.

Posmatrači se slažu da dve prelazne vlade nisu opcija i predlažu Plevnelijevu i Radevu da se, uprkos političkim razlikama, dogovore oko prelazne vlade.

Oni takođe očekuju da Gerb, iako je poražen na predsedničkim izborima, ostane vodeća politička snaga posle prevremnih izbora. Inače, teško je zamisliti koju koaliciju bi mogao da napravi Gerb, s obzirom da je partiji Bojka Borisova ostalo malo saveznika.

Geopolitička orijentacija

Radeva u zapadnim medijima vide kao pro-ruski orijentisanog i njegov izbor se smatra velikim udarcem za bugarske saveznike sa Zapada jer ukazuje na rast uticaja Moskve u jugoistočnoj Evropi.

Međutim, Radev tvrdi da ne planira da menja geopolitičku orijentaciju Bugarske.

Na pitanje o budućnosti sankcija EU Rusiji, Radev je odgovorio da je to pitanje koje će biti raspravljano sa partnerima iz EU i o kome će odlučiti vlada.

Predsednik Bugarske nema izvršne funkcije i na samitima EU zemlju obično predstavlja premijer.

Analitičari kažu da je činjenica da je Radev, koji nije socijalista, više kandidat protivinika sistema, poput Donalda Trampa u SAD.

U obraćanju nakon što je objavljeno da je pobedio u predsedničkoj trci, Radev je rekao da se nada dobrom dijalogu i sa SAD i sa Rusijom izražavajući nadu da će konfrotacije između Moskve i Vašingtona biti manje nakon izbora Trampa za predsednika SAD.

"U izbornoj kampanji je Tramp, koji je sada izabran, jasno stavio do znanja da će raditi na unapređenju dijaloga sa Rusijom. To nam daje nadu, veliku nadu, za mirno rešenje konflikata u Siriji i Ukrajini i za smanjenje konfrotacije", kazao je Radev.

Novi bugarski komesar

Bugarska treba i da imenuje novog evropskog komesara nakon što je Kristalina Georgijeva ranije ovog meseca objavila da odlazi da radi u Svetskoj banci.

Kada je reč o komesaru, Radev je kazao da će tražiti da bude konsultovan. U teoriji Borisov može da predloži nekoga pre nego što se povuče ili komesara može da izabere prelazna vlada Plevnelijeva bez konsultacija sa izabranim predsednikom.

Izvori su za EurActiv.com rekli da bivša bugarska komesarka Meglena Kuneva, sada zamenica premijera zadužena za obrazovanje u vladi Bojka Borisova, lobira u Briselu da se vrati u Komisiju.

Popularnost Kuneve u Bugarskoj nije velika jer je često menjala političke "sklonosti" i donela je neke kontroverzne odluke kao ministarka obrazovanja.

Izvor: EurActiv.rs 

Foto: Beta/AP

Posted: 14.11.2016.

Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borisov announced on 14 November he was resigning after winning Yellow Radeva, a candidate who supported the Socialists in presidential elections. Departure Borisova probably means early elections and after months of difficult negotiations on coalitions.Under the constitution, the president must give the mandate Borisov, because the leader of the winners in the last election, to try to form another government and if he refuses, he announced, the mandate will go next after power party or the Socialists, whose leader is also more said that her mandate. Radeva, who is not a socialist, in the Western media are seen as pro-Russian oriented and he insists it has no plans to change the geopolitical orientation of Bulgaria.

Radev the elections on 13 November won 59.4% of the votes while the candidate of Prime Minister Borisov and his conservative Gerb Party Tsetska Tsacheva received 36.17% zvainično was announced on 14 November on the basis of 99.3% of the votes counted.

The five-year mandate of the new president will start on January 22, 2017 will be a Vice President of Bulgaria Iliana Iotova, now MEP from the Group of Socialists and Democrats (S & D).

Radev 7 November in the first round of presidential elections won the most votes of 21 candidates and was in "good" advantages over Čačev that the President of Parliament.

Former pilot and commander of the Air Force emphasized that Bulgaria has to be pragmatic in balancing the membership in the EU and NATO and seeking ways to take advantage of links to Moscow.

Borisov has promised to withdraw immediately and fulfill the promise. On 14 November the Parliament submitted his resignation, which opened the way for early elections.              

"Losing Gerba is definitive and clear," said Borisov told reporters after announcing the results.

"People have this election showed us that something is wrong. You are our priorities may be good but there are better. That's why it (to go to the office) the most democratic thing and the right thing," said Borisov.

Departure Borisova probably means early elections, possibly as early as March that they can follow months of tough negotiations on coalitions.

According to the Bulgarian Constitution, the president must give the mandate Borisov, because the leader of the party which won the last parliamentary elections, to try to form another government.

However, Borisov had said specifically that her mandate. Then President mandates the second-strongest political party, or socialists. The leader of the Socialists Cornelia Ninova also said that her mandate.

Therefore, it is believed that Bulgaria will go to general elections prematurely and is expected to outgoing President Rosen Plevneliev, who was a candidate Gerba, appointed by the transitional government and announce the date of elections, reports EurActiv.com.

However, it is uncommon that outgoing Prime Minister appoints a transitional government that would remain in the mandate of the new president. In theory Bulgaria could gain a second transitional government, which would be named after Radev takes office in January.

Observers agree that the two transitional government is not an option and propose Plevneliev and Radev that despite political differences, agree on a transitional government.

They also expect to Gerb, but was defeated in the presidential election, remain the leading political force after for early elections. Otherwise, it is difficult to imagine that a coalition could make Gerb, given that the party Boyko Borisov remained little ally.

Geopolitical orientation

Radeva in the Western media are seen as pro-Russian oriented, and his election is considered a major blow for the Bulgarian allies in the West because it indicates the growth of Moscow's influence in Southeast Europe.

However, Radev says he does not plan to change the geopolitical orientation of Bulgaria. When asked about the future of EU sanctions Russia, Radev said that this is an issue that will be discussed with partners from the EU and to be decided by the government.

Bulgarian President has no executive functions and on EU summits land usually prime minister.

Analysts say that the fact that Radev, who is not a socialist, more protivinika candidate systems, such as Donald Trump in the United States.

 In an address after it was announced he had won the presidential race, Radev said he hoped a good dialogue with the United States and Russia, expressing the hope that the confrontation between Moscow and Washington after the election will be less Trump for President of the United States.

"The election campaign is a Tramp, who is now elected, made it clear that they will work to improve the dialogue with Russia. It gives us hope, great hope for a peaceful solution to the conflicts in Syria and Ukraine and to reduce confrontation," said Radev 

New Bulgarian Commissioner

Bulgaria should also appoint a new European Commissioner after Kristalina Georgieva announced earlier this month that he goes to work at the World Bank.

As for the commissioner, Radev said he would seek to be consulted. In theory Borisov may propose to someone before it is withdrawn or the Commissioner may elect a transitional government Plevneliev without consulting the elected president.

Sources for EurActiv.com said that former Bulgarian Commissioner Meglena Kuneva, now Deputy Prime Minister in charge of education in the government of Boyko Borisov, lobbying in Brussels to return to the Commission. Popularity Kuneva, Bulgaria is not great because it is often changing political "tendencies" and made some controversial decisions, such as education secretary.

Source: EurActiv.rs

Photo: Beta / AP

Translated by

Nebojša Vladisavljević

 romi.novinari@yahoo.com